Table 1.
Number of Spelt 1, Spelt 52, and 5S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clusters and percentage of major chromosomal rearrangements per diploid genome in studied genotypes
| Genotype | Spelt 1 | Spelt 52 | Inversions (paracentric and pericentric) | Translocations | B chromosomes | 5S rDNA (chromosomes 5, 1, 6, B chromosomes) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sum | Deletions terminal % | Sum | Deletions distal % | Sum | % | Sum | % | Sum | Sum | % | |
| Norm* | 28 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100 |
| TS 84 | 26 | 7.14 | 18 | 35.71 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 100 |
| G9 original | 2 | 92.86 | 9 | 67.86 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.14 | 3 | 12 | 600 |
| G9 S1 | 2 | 92.86 | 11 | 60.71 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3.57 | 5 | 16 | 800 |
| G9 S2 | 2 | 92.86 | 9 | 67.86 | 2 | 7.14 | 1 | 3.57 | 5 | 16 | 800 |
| G13 original | 2 | 92.86 | 12 | 57.14 | 1 | 3.57 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 2 | 100 |
| G13 S1 | 1 | 96.43 | 12 | 57.14 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 2 | 100 |
| G13 S2 | 2 | 92.86 | 6 | 78.57 | 2 | 7.14 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 2 | 100 |
| G13 S3 | 1 | 96.43 | 6 | 82.14 | 2 | 7.14 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 6 | 300 |
| G14 original | 2 | 92.86 | 10 | 64.29 | 2 | 7.14 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 500 |
| G14 S1 | 2 | 92.86 | 8 | 71.43 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 7.14 | 3 | 12 | 600 |
| G14 S2 | 2 | 92.86 | 9 | 67.86 | 1 | 3.57 | 2 | 7.14 | 4 | 14 | 700 |
| G14 S3 | 2 | 92.86 | 10 | 64.29 | 2 | 7.14 | 2 | 7.14 | 3 | 12 | 600 |
*Norm = each chromosome in diploid genome (2n = 14, 28 chromosome arms) potentially carries 1 Spelt 1 and 1 Spelt 52 cluster in each arm (that is, 28 clusters in total of Spelt 1 equated to 100%, and 28 clusters of Spelt 52 equated to 100%). Deficiency of 1 Spelt 1 cluster (that is, single terminal deletion per 28 chromosome arms) equated to 3.57%, the same as deficiency of one Spelt 52 cluster (single distal deletion) equated to 3.57% per diploid genome.
Inversions and translocations: single inversion or translocation per 28 chromosome arms equated to 3.57%. Markers for inversions: CCS-1, telomeric probe, Spelt 1, Spelt 52, and AT-positive heterochromatic bands.
Normally chromosome 5 carries one 5S rDNA cluster (two clusters per diploid genome equated to 100%).
Extranumerary B chromosomes regularly carry one 5S rDNA cluster in each arm, thus a single B chromosome adds two 5S rDNA clusters per diploid genome accordingly.
Chromosomes 1 and 6 could carry additional 5S rDNA clusters in homozygote and heterozygote, consequently each among them could add a single additional 5S rDNA cluster, from one to four clusters per diploid genome.
CCS-1 = cereal centromere-specific sequence 1; rDNA/RNA = ribosomal DNA/RNA.