TABLE 1.
Baseline Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Overall (n = 191) | Low pain interference (n = 75) | High pain interference (n = 116) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Mean age (SD) | 44.2 (10.7) | 43.2 (9.5) | 44.8 (11.4) | .31 |
| Female, No. (%) | 115 (81) | 61 (81) | 94 (81) | .95 |
| Caucasian, No. (%) | 182 (95) | 75 (100) | 107 (92) | <.05 |
| >High school education, No. (%) | 123 (64) | 48 (64) | 75 (65) | .93 |
| Married, No. (%) | 140 (74) | 60 (80) | 80 (71) | .12 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Anxiety diagnosis, No. (%) | .69 | |||
| GAD | 80 (42) | 33 (44) | 47 (41) | |
| PD | 20 (10) | 9 (12) | 11 (9) | |
| GAD/PD | 91 (48) | 33 (44) | 58 (50) | |
| Major depressive disorder | 108 (57) | 34 (45) | 74 (64) | <.05 |
| Mean SIGH-A (SD) | 20.3 (6.4) | 18.0 (5.0) | 21.8 (6.8) | <.001 |
| Mean PDSS (SD) | 8.5 (6.0) | 7.3 (5.7) | 9.2 (6.3) | <.05 |
| Mean GADS, (SD) | 12.8 (4.3) | 11.6 (3.7) | 13.6 (4.4) | <.01 |
| Mean HRS-D (SD) | 17.4 (6.5) | 15.7 (5.9) | 18.2 (6.7) | <.05 |
| Mean SF-12 MCS (SD) | 30.3 (9.5) | 30.5 (9.2) | 30.2 (9.7) | .86 |
| Comorbid medical conditions | ||||
| Mean no. comborbid conditions (SD) | 2.4 (1.9) | 2.0 (1.5) | 2.8 (2.1) | <.01 |
| Have a painful conditiona, No. (%) | 62 (32) | 24 (32) | 38 (33) | .91 |
| Baseline medications | ||||
| Antidepressant medicationsb, No. (%) | 60 (31.4) | 23 (30.7) | 37 (31.9) | .86 |
| Pain medication use, No. (%) | ||||
| Opiods | 11 (5.8) | 1 (1.3) | 10 (8.6) | .04 |
| Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory | 21 (11) | 8 (10.7) | 13 (11.2) | .91 |
| Baseline ADL limitations | ||||
| Moderate activities, No. (%) | <.001 | |||
| No, not limited at all | 124 (64.9) | 67 (89.3) | 57 (49.1) | |
| Yes, limited a little | 34 (17.8) | 6 (8.0) | 28 (24.1) | |
| Yes, limited a lot | 33 (17.3) | 2 (2.7) | 31 (26.7) | |
| Climbing several flights of stairs, No. (%) | <.001 | |||
| No, not limited at all | 109 (57.1) | 59 (78.7) | 50 (43.1) | |
| Yes, limited a little | 39 (20.4) | 11 (14.7) | 28 (24.1) | |
| Yes, limited a lot | 43 (22.5) | 5 (6.7) | 38 (32.8) | |
| Baseline employment characteristics | ||||
| Working, part-time or full-time, No. (%) | 116 (61.0) | 46 (61.0) | 70 (60.0) | .89 |
| Hours worked per week, mean (SD) | 39.2 (12.9) | 39.0 (13.7) | 39.3 (12.2) | .90 |
| Work days absent in past month, mean (SD) | 3.0 (5.3) | 1.9 (4.0) | 3.6 (5.8) | .02 |
a
Pain conditions: Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, migraine headache, myalgia and myositis, cervicalgia, chronic foot pain, hip pain, shoulder pain, and plantar fasciitis.
b
Includes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), tricyclic antidepressants, and other antidepressants.
GAD, generalized anxiety disorder; PD, panic disorder; SIGH-A, structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; PDSS, Panic Disorder Severity Scale; GADSS, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale; HRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MCS, mental health component summary score.