Adipose tissue inflammation. Fat tissue was collected at the age of 20 weeks and used in morphology and gene expression studies. A, epididymal fat pad. B, F4/80 immunostaining in WAT. The macrophages are shown in brown. C, adipocyte-specific genes. mRNA expression was determined by real time RT-PCR and expressed as -fold change. D, fatty acid genes, including genes related to fat synthesis and lipolysis. E, inflammatory genes. F, cytokines in serum. TNF-α and IL-6 were determined in serum using multiplex kits. G, macrophage markers. The mRNA expression was determined by real time RT-PCR. In this figure, values are means ± S.E. (n = 6). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.001 by Student's t test. Acdc, adiponectin; FAS, fatty acid synthase; SREBP, sterol response element-binding protein; HSL, hormone-sensitive lipase; LPL, lipoprotein lipase.