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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 10.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Transplant. 2008 Dec;8(12):2516–2526. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02444.x

Figure 3. Histological features of cardiac grafts showing fibrinoid necrosis and endothelialitis in the arteries.

Figure 3

The early fibrinoid necrosis in arteries (A: B214, day 59, EMG stain) showed enlarged endothelial cells (arrowheads) and the exudation of fibrinoid materials (arrows). In advanced AHXR (B–D: B218, day 67; B: HE stain, C: TUNEL stain, D: EMG stain), arteries showed fibrinoid necrosis with thrombus formation (asterisks in B and C), neutrophil infiltration (arrows in B), TUNEL+ cells (arrows in C) and deposits of fibrin (D, E), immunoglobulin (F: IgM) and complement (G: C4d), along with neointimal thickening (D). Two-color immunostaining (H) for CD41 (red color) and C4d (green color) showed that CD41+ thrombi were detected within small arteries that contained deposits of complement. Endothelialitis (I) was noted in arteries with infiltration of mononuclear cells underneath the endothelium (J) and media (J), infiltration of both CD3 and TIA-1+ cytotoxic T cells (arrows in K), and neointimal thickening (L) (I–L: B228, day 179; I, J, L: EMG stain, K: two-color stain with CD3 (brown) and TIA-1 (blue)).