. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 10.

Published in final edited form as: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2009 Sep 19;21(2):797–805. doi: 10.1007/s10856-009-3873-3

Table 2.

Physicochemical characteristics of the ACP fillers utilized in the study

Method	Physical property	Instrument/manufacturer	Findings
X-ray diffraction (XRD)	Long-range structural order	DMAX2000; Rigaku/USA Inc., MA, USA	am- and g-ACP: two diffuse broad bands in 2θ(°) = 4–60 region
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)	Short-range structural environment	Nicolet Magna FTIR System 550; Nicolet Instrument Corp., WI, USA	am- and g-ACP: phosphate stretching absorption band at (1200–900) cm⁻¹ and phosphate bending band at (630–500) cm⁻¹
Particle size distribution (PSD)	Volume and number PSD; median (d_m) particle size	CIS-100 Particle Size Analyzer; Ankersmid Ltd., Yokneam, Israel	am-ACP: particle sizes up to 270 μm; d_m = (75 ± 5) μm g-ACP: particle sizes up to 11 μm; d_m = (5 ± 1) μm
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)	Morphology, topology, size	JSM-5400; JEOL, Inc., MA, USA	am-ACP: large agglomerates (≤ 200 μm) and some finer particles; g-ACP: smaller agglomerates (≤ 20 μm) and prevalently fine particles