Table 4.
Variable | Cohort | Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and stomach |
Esophageal adenocinarma + Gastric Cardia |
Non-cardia gastric cancer | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. (%) | No. (%) | HR* (95% CI) | No. (%) | HR* (95% CI) | No. (%) | HR* (95% CI) | |
Among women with a hysterectomy | 51,515 (100) | 38 (100) | 19 (100) | 19 (100) | |||
No MHT † | 10,522 (20.4) | 6 (15.8) | 1.00 (ref) | 3 (15.8) | 1.00 (ref) | 3 (15.8) | 1.00 (ref) |
Ever used ET | 29,645 (57.6) | 23 (60.5) | 1.78 (0.71-4.44) | 11 (57.9) | 1.78 (0.48-6.56) | 12 (63.2) | 1.68 (0.46-6.10) |
Recency | |||||||
Former (% of ET users) | 6,275 (21.4) | 7 (30.4) | 2.25 (0.75-6.75) | 4 (36.4) | 2.59 (0.57-11.77) | 3 (25.0) | 1.80 (0.36-9.02) |
Current (% of ET users) | 23,109 (78.6) | 16 (69.6) | 1.65 (0.63-4.31) | 7 (64.6) | 1.53 (0.38-6.13) | 9 (75.0) | 1.68 (0.44-6.38) |
p trend = 0.392 | p trend = 0.662 | p trend = 0.484 | |||||
Total duration of use | |||||||
< 10 years (% of ET users) | 12,729 (43.6) | 11 (47.8) | 2.20 (0.80-6.05) | 5 (45.5) | 2.04 (0.48-8.74) | 6 (50.0) | 2.21 (0.54-9.06) |
10+ years (% of ET users) | 16,458 (56.4) | 12 (52.2) | 1.57 (0.58-4.27) | 6 (55.5) | 1.65 (0.40-6.83) | 6 (50.0) | 1.42 (0.35-5.83) |
p trend = 0.479 | p trend = 0.548 | p trend = 0.739 | |||||
Ever used EPT | 8,075 (15.7) | 6 (15.8) | 2.01 (0.63-6.44) | 4 (21.1) | 2.72 (0.57-12.87) | 2 (10.5) | 1.24 (0.20-7.70) |
Ever used other or unknown type | 3242 (6.3) | 3 (7.9) | 1.92 (0.48-7.75) | 1 (5.3) | 1.35 (0.14-13.24) | 2 (10.5) | 2.12 (0.35-12.95) |
| |||||||
Among women with an intact uterus | 74,372 (100) | 49 (100) | 19 (100) | 30 (100) | |||
No MHT † | 38,404 (51.7) | 34 (69.4) | 1.00 (ref) | 11 (57.9) | 1.00 (ref) | 23 (76.7) | 1.00 (ref) |
Ever used EPT | 28,060 (37.8) | 11 (22.5) | 0.52 (0.26-1.07) | 6 (31.6) | 0.73 (0.26-2.06) | 5 (16.7) | 0.40 (0.15-1.09) |
Recency | |||||||
Former (% of EPT users) | 6,291 (22.7) | 2 (18.2) | 0.41 (0.10-1.71) | 1 (16.7) | 0.54 (0.07-4.26) | 1 (20.0) | 0.34 (0.05-2.51) |
Current (% of EPT users) | 21,376 (77.3) | 9 (81.8) | 0.57 (0.27-1.24) | 5 (83.3) | 0.81 (0.27-2.44) | 4 (80.0) | 0.43 (0.14-1.30) |
p for trend = 0.122 | p trend = 0.669 | p trend = 0.105 | |||||
Total duration of use | |||||||
< 5 years (% of EPT users) | 12,277 (44.8) | 4 (40.0) | 0.51 (0.18-1.46) | 2 (40.0) | 0.61 (0.13-2.85) | 2 (40.0) | 0.46 (0.11-1.99) |
5+ years (% of EPT users) | 15,152 (55.2) | 6 (60.0) | 0.47 (0.19-1.16) | 3 (60.0) | 0.62 (0.17-2.31) | 3 (60.0) | 0.39 (0.11-1.34) |
p for trend = 0.068 | p trend = 0.421 | p trend = 0.098 | |||||
Regimen of use | |||||||
Sequential (< 15 days/month) | 10,029 (38.6) | 3 (27.3) | 0.41 (0.12-1.36) | 1 (16.7) | 0.35 (0.04-2.81) | 2 (40.0) | 0.46 (0.10-2.00) |
Continuous (15 + days/month) | 15,927 (61.4) | 8 (72.7) | 0.67 (0.30-1.49) | 5 (83.3) | 1.06 (0.35-3.15) | 3 (60.0) | 0.43 (0.13-1.48) |
Ever used ET | 5,276 (7.1) | 3 (6.1) | 0.60 (0.18-1.96) | 2 (10.5) | 1.22 (0.27-5.52) | 1 (3.3) | 0.30 (0.04-2.22) |
Ever used other or unknown type | 2,569 (3.5) | 1 (2.0) | 0.43 (0.06-3.18) | 0 (0) | -- | 1 (3.3) | 0.59 (0.08-4.42) |
Multivariate adjusted models, adjusted for age, body mass index, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking use, alcohol intake, physical activity, and total energy intake.
Never users of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) serve as the reference group for all categories. All models include indicator variables for use of estrogen therapy (ET), estrogen-plus-progestin (EPT), ever used other or unknown type of MHT, and missing data.