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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Feb 17.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2009 Nov 14;62(2):122–149. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.10.004

Fig. 26.

Fig. 26

Hydrogels containing a triple mutant of adenylate kinase, AKtm (C77S, A55C, V169C), as a crosslinker are able to translate the enzyme conformation change upon binding a substrate into mechanical motion. A) Ribbon diagram of the structure of adenylate kinase (AKe) in two conformational states: open state (a); and closed state (b). B) HPMA-based hydrogels crosslinked with AKtm and dithiothreitol (DTT) and the macroscopic motion of hydrogels triggered by substrate recognition. The deswelling ratios of gel containing variable amounts of AKtm as crosslinker (0–100%). C) Three cycles of deswelling of hydrogel crosslinked with 100% of AKtm. Adapted from reference [215].