Figure 1.

Co-localization of aprataxin with γH2AX and MDC1 at sites of DSB. (A) Methodology employed to study the dynamic recruitment of GFP-tagged fusion proteins (aprataxin and MDC1) to localized DNA damage induced by heavy ion irradiation. Transfection of GFP constructs and irradiation procedures are described in Supplementary Data. (B) Recruitment of GFP-aprataxin to uranium (4.2 MeV/nucleon LET 14925 keV/µm) ions-induced DNA DSB in HeLa cells. DSB are visualized by γH2AX immunostaining and nuclei by ToPro3 staining. (C) Co-localization of GFP-aprataxin with MDC1 along particle tracks after uranium ions irradiation in HeLa cells. (D) Recruitment of endogenous aprataxin to DSB and co-localization with MDC1 along particle tracks after krypton ions irradiation (5.4 MeV/nucleon; LET 5060 keV/µm) revealed by immunostaining with anti-aprataxin and anti-MDC1 antibodies in human fibroblasts.