Table 4.

Concentration of calcium (determined by means of atomic absorption spectrophotometry) in dental plaque of subjects who used products containing xylitol.

Study	Xylitol	Control or sucrose	Remarks
Chewing of xylitol gums (paraffin as control)	1.22 ± 0.45	0.78 ± 0.30	In μg/mg fresh weight (n = 10–12;  P < .01. Sorbitol gave similar results [98].
Chewing of xylitol gum (compared with sucrose gum and gum base)	3.7 ± 0.5	2.4 ± 0.2	In μg/mg dry weight (n = 83). Gum base: 3.4 ± 0.7. Significance of differences was not given [99].
Rinsing with 0.4 M xylitol or sucrose solutions	0.90	0.67	In μg/mg protein. Plaque pools from 11 subjects in both groups. 0.01 M Na cyclamate: 0.60 [100].
Xylitol or sorbitol chewing gum compared with no gum	1.77 ± 0.99	1.70 ± 1.33	In % dry weight in plaque. No gum: 1.24 ± 0.82%. For both polyols: P < .03 when compared with no gum. n = 25 [101].