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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Health Soc Behav. 2008 Sep;49(3):301–316. doi: 10.1177/002214650804900305

TABLE 3. Effect of Having a Child with Developmental or Mental Health Problems on Well-Being.

Negative affect Psychological Well-Being Physical Symptoms



Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Independent variables
 Target child has a DP condition .09*** .08*** .05 −.04 −.03 −.01 .08** .08** .08*
 Target child has a MHP condition .09*** .10*** .10** −.04 −.05* −.03 .06** .08** .07
 Parent’s age (standardized) −.14*** −.11** −.14*** .02 −.01 .02 −.02 .01 −.02
 Parent’s gender (1 = mother; 0 = father) .05* .06* .05 .00 .00 .01 .11*** .12*** .12***
Interaction effects
 DP condition × parental age −.05* .06* .00
 MHP condition × parental age −.06* .05* −.09**
 DP condition × parental gender .05 −.04 .00
 MHP condition × parental gender −.01 −.01 −.02
Sociodemographic variables
 Race (1 = non-Hispanic white; 0 = others) −.04 −.05 −.04 −.01 .00 .00 .00 −.01 .00
 Education (in years) −.11*** −.11*** −.11*** .18*** .18*** .18*** −.13*** −.13*** −.13***
 Income −.07** −.07** −.07** .05 .05 .05 −.07** −.07** −.07**
 Employment status (1 = employed; 0 = not employed) −.10*** −.10*** −.10*** .06* .05 .05* .02 .02 .02
 Marital status (1 = married; 0 = not married) −.07** −.07** −.07** .10*** .10*** .10*** .03 .03 .03
 Number of children −.01 −.01 −.01 .07** .07** .07** .06* .06* .06*
 Number of co-resident children .07* .07* .08* −.14*** −.14*** −.14*** −.09** −.08** −.09
N 1655 1655 1655 1679 1679 1679 1675 1675 1675
Adjusted R2 .08 .08 .08 .07 .07 .07 .06 .07 .06

Notes: DP refers to developmental problems; MHP refers to mental health problems. Standardized coefficients are presented.

p ≤ .10

*

p ≤ .05

**

p ≤ .01

***

p ≤ .001 (two-tailed)

HHS Vulnerability Disclosure