Figure 9.

Antimicrobial effects of GcAVs on Syntaxin 7 and Syntaxin 8-depleted cells. (A) HeLa cells were transfected with siRNA for the control, Syntaxin 7, and Syntaxin 8. At 48 h after transfection, the cells were lysed and examined by Western blotting using anti-Syntaxin 7, -Syntaxin 8, and actin antibodies. (B) HeLa cells stably expressing GFP-LC3 were transfected with siRNA for the control, Syntaxin 7, and Syntaxin 8. After 48 h, the cells were infected with GAS for 180 min at an MOI of 100 as described in Materials and Methods. After fixation, the cells were incubated with anti-LAMP1 antibodies and observed with a confocal microscope. Cellular and bacterial DNA were stained with DAPI. The boxed regions in the top panels are enlarged in the bottom panels. Bars, 10 μm (top) and 5 μm (bottom). (C) Colocalization frequencies of GcAVs with LAMP1 signals were manually determined and are presented as the percentage of total number of GcAVs. Data shown represent results of >30 cells.