Table 2.
Subject characteristics by smoking status based on CAL levels.
| Number of teeth with PD ≥6 mm* | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Never-smokers | Smokers | |||||||
| Characteristics | None | Low | High | P value | None | Low | High | P value |
| Number | 67 | 32 | 14 | 26 | 18 | 14 | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Age in years | ||||||||
| Mean | 68.2 | 68.1 | 70.1 | .287 | 66.5 | 69.7 | 69.8 | .034 |
| (SD) | (4.5) | (3.9) | (3.8) | (4.1) | (4.7) | (5.4) | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Number of teeth | ||||||||
| Mean | 23.4 | 22.2 | 19.4 | .101 | 23.9 | 23.3 | 20.3 | .222 |
| (SD) | (6.5) | (6.7) | (5.2) | (6.6) | (5.1) | (7.5) | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Site with BOP | ||||||||
| Mean | 3.0 | 5.9 | 5.4 | .014 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | .972 |
| (SD) | (4.2) | (5.5) | (6.3) | (5.1) | (3.4) | (5.3) | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 12 (18) | 9 (28) | 8 (57) | .009 | 25 (96) | 17 (94) | 14 (100) | .686 |
|
| ||||||||
| Social class | ||||||||
| Non-workers | 61 (91) | 26 (81) | 12 (86) | .614 | 25 (96) | 16 (89) | 14 (100) | .601 |
|
| ||||||||
| Medication | 38 (56) | 15 (49) | 7 (50) | .636 | 13 (50) | 11 (61) | 6 (64) | .623 |
|
| ||||||||
| Use of interdental brush | ||||||||
| Yes | 34 (51) | 20 (63) | 6 (43) | .392 | 10 (39) | 8 (44) | 9 (64) | .289 |
|
| ||||||||
| Dental visit in past 12 months | ||||||||
| Yes | 33 (49) | 21 (66) | 9 (64) | .244 | 16 (62) | 10 (56) | 6 (43) | .526 |
|
| ||||||||
| Frequency of tooth brushing (per day) | ||||||||
| ≤1 time | 6 (9) | 3 (9) | 3 (21) | .366 | 6 (23) | 10 (56) | 6 (43) | .289 |
| 2 times | 40 (60) | 21 (66) | 5 (36) | 13 (50) | 5 (28) | 5 (36) | ||
| ≥3 times | 21 (31) | 8 (25) | 6 (43) | 7 (27) | 3 (17) | 3 (21) | ||
|
| ||||||||
| Self-rated health status | ||||||||
| Very good | 22 (33) | 14 (44) | 7 (50) | .704 | 12 (46) | 8 (44) | 4 (29) | .037 |
| Good | 39 (58) | 15 (47) | 6 (43) | 14 (54) | 10 (56) | 7 (50) | ||
| Moderate | 6 (9) | 3 (9) | 1 (7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (21) | ||
*Defined by the number of teeth (no teeth, less than three teeth, three or more teeth) with PD ≥6 mm. Categorical variables indicate the number of subjects (%). Differences between groups were tested using a chi-square test for categorical variables and ANOVA for continuous variables. CAL: clinical attachment level (mm). BOP: bleeding on probing.