FIG. 6.

Relative expression ratio of cytokines in spleen cells of vaccinated chickens following stimulation with HA antigen compared to that of control cells. The expression levels of IFN-γ (A) and IL-10 (B) were compared between the HA-stimulated group and medium-treated controls in four biological replicates. Target and reference gene expression levels in spleen cells were quantified by real-time RT-PCR, and the expression ratio was calculated as the means of gene expression in samples of HA-treated group compared to that of medium-treated controls. An asterisk indicates significant difference (P < 0.05). Error bars represent standard errors from the means.