Table 1.

Some examples of concepts and approaches that Darwin identified in his three books on reproductive biology that form the basis of contemporary research. Other examples largely concerned with floral adaptations are provided in Harder & Johnson (2009).

concept or approach	Darwin book year, pages	relevant contemporary literature
reduced intensity of inbreeding depression with continued selfing	1876, pp. 47–51	Barrett & Charlesworth (1991)
self-incompatibility	1876, pp. 329–347	Franklin-Tong (2008)
function of synchronized dichogamy	1876, pp. 390–391	Harder et al. (2000)
floral display and geitonogamy	1876, pp. 398–400	Harder & Barrett (1995)
intra-specific variation in mating patterns	1876, p. 441	Barrett et al. (2009)
genetic markers and gametophytic competition	1877a, p. 31, 241–242	Cruzan & Barrett (1993)
environment-dependent inbreeding depression	1877a, p. 234	Dudash (1990)
reproductive compensation and sex allocation trade-offs	1877a, pp. 7, 280, 309	Ashman (1999)
mechanism of cross-promotion and evolution of heterostyly	1877a, pp. 3, 260–268	Lloyd & Webb (1992b)
adaptations for anemophily	1877a, p. 94	Culley et al. (2002)
evolutionary transitions from heterostyly to dioecy	1877a, pp. 258, 284, 287	Ganders (1979)
stressful environmental conditions promote evolution of gender dimorphism	1877a, pp. 279–280, 344	Ashman (2006)
redundancy of function: zygomorphy and heterostyly	1877a, pp. 259, 340	Barrett et al. (2000b)
evolution of selfing from outcrossing through reproductive assurance	1877b, pp. 57–58, 292	Eckert et al. (2006)
unsatisfactory pollinator service and pollen limitation	1877b, p. 281	Ashman et al. (2004)
efficiency of orchid pollen dispersal	1877b, pp. 288–289	Harder (2000)