Survival and echocardiographic measurements. A: representative M-mode echocardiograms. B: diabetes progression was associated with reduced survival rate. C–E: resveratrol (RSV) treatment significantly improved survival rate. Echocardiographic measurements revealed a progressive decline in cardiac function following streptozotocin (STZ) injection with an early (8 wk) increase in left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd), followed by a further increase in left ventricle (LV) diameters and reduced fractional shortening (FS) in the 3 mo group. Note reduced diameters and improvement of STZ-induced decline in FS following RSV treatment. LVESd, left ventricular end systolic diameter; STZ + RSV, RSV-treated diabetic group. Values are means ± SD of 8–10 animals in each group, for survival, n = 20. P < 0.05 compared with control group (*) and compared with STZ group (†).