Table 1.
Characteristics of the Caucasian 2 diabetes cases and controls.
| UDACS T2D cases N = 569 | EARSII controls N = 81 | HIFMECH controls N = 367 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median [range] | 68 [24–92] | 21 [18–28] | 53 [40–61] |
| Age of T2D onset (years) | 55 (13) | ||
| Duration of T2D (years)a | 9 [4–16] | ||
| % Males (N) | 59.4 (338) | 100 (81) | 100 (367) |
| % Females (N) | 40.6 (231) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| % Females >50 years (N) | 94.4 (218) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2)b | 29.3 (5.5) | 23.0 (2.4) | 25.6 (3.1) |
| SBP (mmHg)b | 140.5 (20.9) | 112.6 (9.8) | 127.1 (15.3) |
| DBP (mmHg)b | 79.3 (11.4) | 66.0 (7.6) | 82.8 (8.0) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l)b | 4.96 (1.09) | 4.06 (0.70) | 5.50 (0.96) |
| TG (mmol/l)b | 1.92 (1.08) | 0.93 (0.35) | 1.40 (0.60) |
| HDL (mmol/l)b | 1.28 (0.37) | 1.17 (0.20) | |
| LDL (mmol/l)c | 2.71 (0.94) | 2.38 (0.60) | |
| CRP (mg/l)b | 1.72 (1.49) | 0.59 (0.68) | 1.08 (1.38) |
| TAOS (%)a | 44.7 [35.4–52.4] | ||
| Glucose (mmol/l)b | 9.8 (4.3) | 5.20 (0.37) | |
| HBA1c (%)b | 7.65 (1.61) | ||
| % Hypertension (N) | 83.4 (472) | 0 (0) | 4.2 (15) |
| % Ex/current smokers (N) | 52.3 (291) | 38.3 (31) | 60.8 (223) |
| Hypoglycaemics | |||
| % None (N) | 11.2 (63) | ||
| % Insulin (N) | 13.1 (74) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| % Oral (N) | 62.6 (353) | ||
| % Both (N) | 13.1 (74) | ||
| % BP lowering drug use (N) | 68.6 (387) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| % Aspirin use (N) | 50.6 (285) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| % Statin use (N) | 31.6 (177) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Telomere length (kb)d | 6.94 (6.80–7.03) | 8.27 (7.62–9.00) | 7.58 (7.39–7.81) |
TG: triglycerides, HDL: high density lipoprotein, LDL: density lipoprotein, BMI: body mass index, CRP: C-reactive protein, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, TAOS: total antioxidant status.
a
Median [IQR] is presented.
b
Data were log-transformed and geometric mean (approx SD) is presented.
c
Data were square root transformed and square of mean (approx SD) is presented.
d
Data were log-transformed and the geometric mean (95%CI) was then used to calculate the corresponding telomere length in kb. Telomere length presented is age-adjusted.