Table 2.

Overview of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the published top-findings of GWAS in ASD which may also be involved in ADHD

SNP/CNV	Chr	Position (bp)	Position	Gene functiona	Previous findings for ADHDa
Wang et al. [96]
6 SNPs	5p14.1	25934678–26008578	Between CDH9 and CDH10	The genes encode type II classical cadherins from the cadherin superfamily, integral membrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell–cell adhesion. Both are expressed in brain.	The SNPs lie close to a linkage region for ADHD [44].
rs9395885, rs9349688	6p12.1	53853436–53870051	Within intron of LRRC1	Ecodes leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 1, a membrane protein of unknown function found in epithelia (and brain).	The SNPs are within a region of suggestive linkage to ADHD from a meta-analysis [101].
rs9384952	6p22.1	116066757	Intergenic		The SNPs are within a region of suggestive linkage to ADHD from a meta-analysis [101].
8 SNPs	13q33.3	108823637–108881899	Within 200 kb downstream of MYO16	Encodes myosin heavy chain Myr 8, a gene highly expressed in brain. This cytoskeletal motor protein is involved in brain (especially cerebellum) development.	The SNPs lie close to suggestive linkage result for ADHD [9].
rs9932538	16p12.3	19116070	Within intron of SYT17	The product of this gene, synaptotagmin XVII (or B/K protein), is involved in vesicle transport and is highly expressed in brain, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus, the amygdala, the substantia nigra, and the pituitary [21]	The SNP lies close to significant linkage result for ADHD [67].
Ma et al. [54]b
5 SNPs	5p14	25934777–25970827	Between CDH9 and CDH10	The genes encode type II classical cadherins from the cadherin superfamily, integral membrane proteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell–cell adhesion. Both are expressed in brain. See also above, same findings reported by Wang et al. [96].	The SNPs lie close to a linkage region for ADHD [44].
rs2528795	7	73111430	Within intron of ELN	This gene encodes the elastin isoform a precursor. The mature protein that is one of the two components of elastic fibers. The encoded protein is rich in hydrophobic amino acids such as glycine and proline, which form mobile hydrophobic regions bounded by crosslinks between lysine residues. Deletions and mutations result in severe anomalies of the aorta and skin, but the gene also falls into the deletion found in Williams Beuren syndrome. The latter is a contiguous gene syndrome with neurobehavioral features and mental retardation not easily accounted for by the disruption of the elastin gene alone.	The SNP lies within suggestive linkage region for ADHD from meta-analysis [101].
rs171415	20	58229934	Within intron of hypothetical genes AX747739 and AK309218	Hypothetical gene(s) of unknown function.	Less than 10 kb from one of the top-findings of GWAS for ADHD [63].

ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ASD autism spectrum disorders, CNV copy number variation, SNP single nucleotide polymorphism

^aWhere not indicated otherwise, the information is derived from the UCSC Browser, NCBI’s OMIM, Gene and Unigene databases, and the Sullivan Lab Evidence Project website (location of SNP expanded by ±5 Mb for genome-wide linkage scans, ±5 kb for GWAS, microarray and CNV studies, and ±50 kb for signposts)

^bAnalysis was limited to SNPs showing p-values of 10⁻⁴ or smaller in the combined analysis of discovery and replication dataset