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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 16.
Published in final edited form as: Plant J. 2008 Jan 16;54(2):249–259. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03410.x

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Phloem and xylem sap samples were obtained from Brassica napus grown in hydroponic cultures.

(a) Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions. After 9 weeks plants were exposed to 75 µm CdSO4 in the hydroponic solution for 1 day, 1 week or 2 weeks before phloem and xylem sap sampling.

(b) Sugar content in phloem sap samples was measured enzymatically to assess the purity of the sap. The ratio of [reducing sugars]/[total sugars] obtained from these concentrations was 1.8%, showing highly pure phloem sap. Values shown are means ± SE (n = 5).