(A) Gel electrophoresis of plasmid DNA extracted from PLG nanoparticles: (1) marker, (2) naked pDNA, (3) PLG–PVA, (4) PLG–PluronicF-127, (5) PLG–PVAm, (6) PLG–chitosan, (7) PLG–DC-Chol, (8) PLG–cetrimide, (9) PLG–protamine, and (10) PLG–DODAB nanoparticles. (B) Release profile of pDNA from PLG nanoparticles in PBS at 37°C. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3).