Table 1.

Ecosystem effects

Effect	Algae	A-GPP	CR24	B-GPP	Leaf decomp	Total invert	Chirono invert	BOM 63–250	BOM > 250	PO4 flux	NH4 flux	NO3 flux	Total N flux
Fish (C1)	N*	N*	N‡	F*	—	N‡	N‡	—	F	—	—	—	—
Phenotype (C2)	HP‡	HP	HP	LP‡	LP‡	LP†	LP‡	—	LP†	—	—	—	—
Density (C3)	LD‡	LD‡	—	HD§	—	LD	—	HD‡	—	—	HD	HD‡	HD‡
Phenotype x Density (C4)	—	Non†	—	—	—	Ord	Ord†	—	—	Non†	—	Non‡	Non‡

Codes indicate treatment with the highest mean for the contrast (—, no trend; F, guppies; HD, high density; HP, high predation; LD, low density; LP, low predation; N, no guppies). Interactions are shown as ordinal (Ord) or nonordinal (Non). A-GPP, area-specific GPP; B-GPP biomass-specific GPP.

*, P < 0.001;^†, P < 0.10;^‡, P < 0.05;^§, P < 0.01.