Table 2.
Least squares fits to distributions of mutation effects on fitness
| Exponential[λ] | Γ[a, b] | β[a, b] | Pareto[k, a] | Lognormal[m, σ] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| μ = 0.001 | λ = 11.6 ± 0.6 | a = 0.94 ± 0.14 | a = 0.87 ± 0.14 | k = 0.021 ± 0.001 | m = 2.88 ± 0.05 |
| B | b = 0.092 ± 0.015 | b = 9.42 ± 1.70 | a = 0.93 ± 0.03 | σ = 1.03 ± 0.06 | |
| Optimized | R2 = 0.940 | R2 = 0.940 | R2 = 0.934 | R2 = 0.982 | R2 = 0.969 |
| μ = 0.004 | λ = 11.4 ± 0.5 | a = 1.32 ± 0.15 | a = 1.21 ± 0.15 | k = 0.022 ± 0.001 | m = 2.79 ± 0.03 |
| B | b = 0.065 ± 0.008 | b = 13.2 ± 1.8 | a = 0.95 ± 0.05 | σ = 0.88 ± 0.03 | |
| Optimized | R2 = 0.974 | R2 = 0.975 | R2 = 0.972 | R2 = 0.959 | R2 = 0.989 |
| μ = 0.001 | λ = 15.0 ± 1.0 | a = 1.95 ± 0.32 | a = 1.87 ± 0.32 | k = 0.021 ± 0.001 | m = 3.01 ± 0.04 |
| B | b = 0.031 ± 0.006 | b = 28.9 ± 5.2 | a = 1.13 ± 0.04 | σ = 0.76 ± 0.04 | |
| Adapting | R2 = 0.950 | R2 = 0.969 | R2 = 0.967 | R2 = 0.985 | R2 = 0.984 |
| μ = 0.004 | λ = 13.4 ± 0.7 | a = 1.83 ± 0.22 | a = 1.73 ± 0.22 | k = 0.021 ± 0.001 | m = 2.89 ± 0.02 |
| B | b = 0.039 ± 0.005 | b = 23.0 ± 3.1 | a = 1.06 ± 0.06 | σ = 0.76 ± 0.03 | |
| Adapting | R2 = 0.969 | R2 = 0.981 | R2 = 0.979 | R2 = 0.965 | R2 = 0.992 |
| μ = 0.001 | λ = 4.85 ± 0.16 | a = 0.93 ± 0.09 | a = 0.75 ± 0.06 | k = 0.026 ± 0.003 | m = 2.04 ± 0.05 |
| D | b = 0.224 ± 0.024 | b = 3.03 ± 0.27 | a = 0.58 ± 0.05 | σ = 1.12 ± 0.07 | |
| Optimized | R2 = 0.962 | R2 = 0.964 | R2 = 0.972 | R2 = 0.840 | R2 = 0.947 |
| μ = 0.004 | λ = 6.15 ± 0.19 | a = 1.27 ± 0.10 | a = 1.06 ± 0.07 | k = 0.026 ± 0.003 | m = 2.17 ± 0.04 |
| D | b = 0.126 ± 0.011 | b = 5.70 ± 0.41 | a = 0.68 ± 0.06 | σ = 0.91 ± 0.05 | |
| Optimized | R2 = 0.989 | R2 = 0.985 | R2 = 0.989 | R2 = 0.843 | R2 = 0.973 |
| μ = 0.001 | λ = 6.31 ± 0.18 | a = 1.08 ± 0.09 | a = 0.90 ± 0.07 | k = 0.025 ± 0.003 | m = 2.25 ± 0.04 |
| D | b = 0.146 ± 0.014 | b = 4.98 ± 0.42 | a = 0.68 ± 0.05 | σ = 1.00 ± 0.06 | |
| Adapting | R2 = 0.982 | R2 = 0.980 | R2 = 0.982 | R2 = 0.868 | R2 = 0.970 |
| μ = 0.004 | λ = 7.86 ± 0.21 | a = 1.19 ± 0.09 | a = 1.03 ± 0.08 | k = 0.024 ± 0.002 | m = 2.44 ± 0.03 |
| D | b = 0.106 ± 0.008 | b = 7.28 ± 0.60 | a = 0.78 ± 0.06 | σ = 0.93 ± 0.04 | |
| Adapting | R2 = 0.990 | R2 = 0.987 | R2 = 0.986 | R2 = 0.900 | R2 = 0.987 |
Representative examples of distributions of beneficial and deleterious fitness effects (B or D in the first column) for optimized and adapting populations and two different values of the mutation rate in each case. The parameters of the least-squares fits for five different (accumulated) probability distribution functions and the corresponding R-squared values are shown for each distribution.