Table 1.
Clinical and biochemical variables of Cohort 1 subjects
| Normal glucose tolerance | Impaired glucose tolerance | Type 2 diabetes | ANOVA p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 100 | 38 | 29 | - |
| Age [years] | 50.7 ± 13 | 59.6 ± 10.2 | 58 ± 12.1 | <0.0001 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 26.8 ± 3.3 | 28.3 ± 3.4 | 31.8 ± 6.9 | <0.0001 |
| Waist [cm] | 90.4 ± 8.6 | 94.3 ± 9.1 | 104.6 ± 15.3 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure [mm Hg] | 124.7 ± 13 | 132.4 ± 17.3 | 138.8 ± 16.4 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure [mm Hg] | 79 ± 9.1 | 83 ± 10.4 | 84.2 ± 11 | 0.03 |
| Cholesterol [mg/dl] | 205.5 ± 40.3 | 227.4 ± 41.7 | 211.8 ± 34.8 | 0.01 |
| LDL-cholesterol [mg/dl] | 132.8 ± 37.2 | 149.2 ± 34.6 | 129.3 ± 37.8 | 0.03 |
| HDL- cholesterol [mg/dl] | 53 ± 12.4 | 51.4 ± 11.5 | 47.3 ± 12 | 0.09 |
| Log-Triglycerides [mg/dl] | 1.94 ± 0.21 | 2.06 ± 0.21 | 2.13 ± 0.25 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting glucose [mg/dl] | 95 ± 9.8 | 102.3 ± 11.5 | 138.5 ± 23 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting insulin [mU/l] | 8 ± 4 | 12.1 ± 6.2 | 14.3 ± 9.7 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c [%] | 4.8 ± 0.55 | 4.9 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 1 | <0.0001 |
| 120' OGTT glucose [mg/dl] | 108.3 ± 19.3 | 164.4 ± 19.4 | 233.2 ± 21.7 | <0.0001 |
| Log Insulin sensitivity [min-1*10-4*mU/L]* | 0.58 ± 0.19 | 0.38 ± 0.17 | 0.16 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 |
| Free IGF-I [ng/ml] | 1.51 ± 1.13 | 1.20 ± 1.05 | 0.47 ± 0.56† | <0.0001 |
| HER-2 [ng/ml] | 9.6 ± 2.2 | 10.4 ± 1.8 | 11.4 ± 1.9† | <0.0001 |
Expressed as mean ± SD; *determined in 72 subjects with normal glucose tolerance, 26 with impaired glucose tolerance and 11 with type 2 diabetes.
Post-hoc analyses
†p < 0.0001 after Sheffé's test compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance.