Table 3.
Summary of surface modifications of nanoparticle (NP)-based nanocarriers investigated for targeting anti-HIV drugs to different cells/tissues/organs
| Anti-HIV drugs | Surface modifications | Cells/tissues/organs | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| SQV | PEO coated on PCL- NP surface | M/M cells | [82] |
| AZT | PEG coated on PLA- NP surface | PMNL | [83] |
| No drug | PEG coated on PLA- NP surface | RAW 264.7 Macrophage-like cells | [84] |
| Tat* | HIV Tat PTD | CHO cells | [85] |
| No drug | Poloxamers (Pluronic F68 and Pluronic F108) coated on PBCA-NP surface | M/M cells | [86] |
| ddI | Mannan coated on NP surface | (a)Ex-vivo with heparinized human blood (b)Tissue distribution following SC and oral administration in rats | [87] |
| ddI | Mannose conjugated to NP surface | (a)Macrophage-like cells (b)Organ distribution following IV administration | [88] |
| Plasmid DNA encoding HIV-1 Tat | Covalently linking PEG chains to the NP core | (a)HeLa cells (b)Blood and organ distribution following bilateral intramuscular injection in mice | [92] |
| No drug | Thiamine ligand covalently linked to NP surface via a PEG spacer | brain following in-situ perfusion | [93] |
| RTV | Tat conjugated to NP surface | (a)MDCK-MDRI cells and MDCK-wt cells (b)Biodistribution following injection via tail vein in mice | [94] |
*
Behaves both as an anti-HIV drug and a cell penetrating peptide