Table 3.
Regression models to predict campus crime rates for 32 colleges: Off-premise outlet density
| Variable | Model 1 β (SE) | Model 2 β (SE) |
| All violent offenses | ||
| Off-premise outlet densitya | 0.16 (0.11) | 0.04 (010) |
| Proportion male | 0.72 (0.94) | 0.74 (0.78) |
| Proportion White | 0.65 (0.25)* | −0.17 (0.31) |
| Proportion participating ≥6 hrs/week in fraternity/sorority activities | −1.95 (1.29) | −1.27 (1.08) |
| Greatest number of drinks at one sitting in the last 2 weeks | — | 0.14 (0.04)** |
| Adj. R2 | .172 | .432 |
| F | F(4, 27) = 2.61, p = .058 | F(5, 26) = 5.72, p = .001 |
| Rape | ||
| Off-premise outlet densitya | 0.24 (0.12)§ | 0.14 (0.12) |
| Proportion male | 1.63 (1.04) | 1.64 (0.96) |
| Proportion White | 1.63 (0.28)** | 0.97 (0.38)* |
| Proportion participating ≥6 hrs/week in fraternity/sorority activities | −2.28 (1.43) | −1.74 (1.34) |
| Greatest number of drinks at one sitting in the last 2 weeks | — | 0.12 (0.05)* |
| Adj. R2 | .539 | .605 |
| F | F(4, 27) = 10.05, p < .001 | F(5, 26) = 10.48, p < .001 |
| Assault | ||
| Off-premise outlet densitya | 0.16 (0.17) | −0.004 (0.16) |
| Proportion male | −0.61 (1.50) | −0.58 (1.32) |
| Proportion White | 0.18 (0.40) | −0.94 (0.53)§ |
| Proportion participating ≥6 hrs/week in fraternity/sorority activities | −2.92 (2.05) | −2.00 (1.84) |
| Greatest number of drinks at one sitting in the last 2 weeks | — | 0.20 (0.07)** |
| Adj. R2 | .023 | .236 |
| F | F(4, 27) = 1.18, p = .340 | F(5, 26) = 2.92, p = .032 |
| Robbery | ||
| Off-premise outlet densitya | −0.11 (0.18) | −0.09 (0.20) |
| Proportion partic | 0.84 (1.56) | 0.83 (1.59) |
| Proportion White | −0.61 (0.42) | −0.49 (0.63) |
| Proportion participating ≥6 hrs/week in fraternity/sorority activities | −0.68 (2.15) | −0.02 (0.08) |
| Greatest number of drinks at one sitting in the last 2 weeks | — | −0.02 (0.08) |
| Adj. R2 | .000 | −.036 |
| F | F(4, 27)= 1.00, p = .426 | F(5, 26) = 0.79, p = .569 |
| Burglary | ||
| Off-premise outlet densitya | 0.15 (0.16) | 0.06 (0.16) |
| Proportion male | −1.36 (1.37) | −1.34 (1.32) |
| Proportion White | 0.04 (0.37) | −0.62 (0.53) |
| Proportion participating ≥6 hrs/week in fraternity/sorority activities | 2.75 (1.88) | 3.29 (1.85)§ |
| Greatest number of drinks at one sitting in the last 2 weeks | — | 0.12 (0.07)§ |
| Adj. R2 | .046 | .111 |
| F | F(4, 27) = 1.37, p = .269 | F(5, 26) = 1.77, p = .154 |
Notes: Hrs = hours; adj. = adjusted.
a
Alcohol-outlet densities are calculated as the number of outlets within 3 miles of campus in 2004 per 1,000 undergraduate and graduate students enrolled.
§
p < .10;
*
p < .05;
**
p <.01.