Table 2.
Cancer | Candidate parasites |
---|---|
Colorectal cancer | Schistosoma japonicum† |
Liver cancer | Schistosoma japonicum† |
Merkel cell cancer | Merkel cell polyomavirus† |
Mesothelioma | Simian virus 40 (SV40)† |
Breast cancer | MMTV†, EBV†, HPV† |
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | EBV† |
Hodgkin's lymphoma | EBV† |
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas | EBV†, SV40† |
Skin cancers | HPV† |
Oesophageal cancer | HPV† |
Colon cancer | JC virus† |
Ovarian cancer | Unknown retrovirus, EBV† |
Prostrate | XMRV, BK virus† |
Known to be persistent parasites.
EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; HPV, human papilloma virus; MMTV, mouse mammary tumour virus; JC virus, John Cunningham virus; XMRV, xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus.