Table 2.

Relative Risks of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus According to Soft Drink and Juice Consumption in the Singapore Chinese Health Study, 1993–2004

Characteristic	Frequency of Consumption								Ptrend
	Almost Never		1–3/Month		1/Week		2–≥3/Weeka
	Relative Risk	95% Confidence Interval	Relative Risk	95% Confidence Interval	Relative Risk	95% Confidence Interval	Relative Risk	95% Confidence Interval
	Soft drink consumption
No. of cases	1,615		247		111		300
No. of person-yearsb	185,645		25,285		13,104		25,140
Model 1c	1.0	Referent	1.14	0.99, 1.30	1.03	0.85, 1.25	1.46	1.29, 1.66	<0.0001
Model 2d	1.0	Referent	1.14	0.99, 1.30	1.02	0.84, 1.23	1.42	1.25, 1.62	<0.0001
Model 3e	1.0	Referent	1.11	0.97, 1.26	0.98	0.81, 1.29	1.34	1.17, 1.52	<0.0001
	Juice consumption
No. of cases	1,871		223		80		99
No. of person-yearsb	205,272		24,603		10,030		9,269
Model 1	1.0	Referent	1.04	0.90, 1.19	0.95	0.76, 1.18	1.23	1.01, 1.51	0.08
Model 2	1.0	Referent	1.04	0.90, 1.19	0.98	0.78, 1.22	1.29	1.05, 1.58	0.03
Model 3	1.0	Referent	1.00	0.87, 1.16	0.94	0.75, 1.18	1.24	1.01, 1.53	0.09
Model 4f	1.0	Referent	1.00	0.87, 1.16	0.94	0.75, 1.18	1.24	1.01, 1.53	0.09

^aThe highest category of consumption (2–≥3/week) is defined by the median value.

^bPerson-year follow-up time.

^cModel 1: adjusted for age, sex, dialect, and year of interview.

^dModel 2: model 1 + educational level, smoking status, alcohol use, physical activity, saturated fat intake, dietary fiber intake, dairy intake, juice or soft drink intake depending on model, and coffee consumption.

^eModel 3: model 2 + body mass index (kg/m²) and energy intake (kcal/day).

^fModel 4: model 3 + weight gain (kg) continuously.