FIGURE 6.

Pdpn expression is sufficient to increase migration of nontransformed cells. a, protein from nontransformed Cx43Ko cells transfected with cDNA encoding Pdpn, the empty parental vector (EF4), or v-Src was examined by Western blotting to detect Pdpn or β-actin. b, Pdpn (green) and nuclei (blue) were visualized by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Differential interference contrast images are also shown. Scale bar, 50 μm. c, cells (20,000/well) were cultured in anchored or nonanchored conditions and counted at the time points indicated. Data are shown as the number of cells/well (mean ± S.E. (error bars), with n = 2 for anchored growth and n = 4 for nonanchored growth). d, cells were plated on porous membranes and counted 24 h later. Migration was quantitated as the percent of cells that migrated from the top of the membrane to the bottom of the membrane, whereas colonization was quantitated as the percent of cells that migrated to the well beneath the membrane (mean ± S.E. (error bars), n = 3). Triple asterisks denote p < 0.001 compared with control transfectants by t test.