Table 1.

Patient characteristics

Median age (years)	35 (30–35)
Male sex (%)	136/171 (79.5%)
Mean mean arterial pressure (mmHg)	81 (79–84)
Mean pulse rate (beats/min)	115 (109–121)
Mean respiratory rate (breaths/min)	32 (31–33)
Mean oxygen saturation (%)	95 (94–95)
Mean plasma glucose (mmol/L)	8.6 (7.7–9.5)
Median Glasgow Coma Score	8 (7–9)
Mean sodium (mmol/L)	133 (132–134)
Mean potassium (mmol/L)	4.38 (4.23–4.52)
Mean plasma urea (mmol/L)	19.0 (16.9–21.1)
Mean plasma creatinine (µmol/L)	167 (146–189)
Mean plasma bicarbonate (mmol/L)	16 (15.7–17.2)
Mean base excess	−8.3 (−9.3 to −7.3)
Mean venous lactate (mmol/L)	5.8 (5.3–6.4)
Mean total bilirubin (µmol/L)	134 (110–158)
Mean direct bilirubin (µmol/L)	68 (52–84)
Median peripheral parasite count (%)	2.55 (1.9–3.4)
Mean hematocrit	29.7 (28.4–31.1)
Median plasma Anti-diuretic hormone (pmol/L)	7.45 (5–22.6)
Median plasma brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL)	554 (391–1,678)
Mean fractional excretion of sodium	1.16 (0.93–1.4)
Mean calculated osmolality (mosm/L)	293 (290–297)
Mean urinary osmolality (mosm/L)	528 (500–557)
Coma on admission*	130/171 (76%)
Acute renal failure†	56/171 (32.7%)
Developed Pulmonary edema during admission	21/169 (12%)
Severe anemia‡	20/171 (11.7%)
Spontaneous bleeding	7/171 (4%)
Convulsions	26/161 (16%)
Hypoglycemia§	5/171 (3%)
Shock¶	9/170 (5.3%)
Died	69/171 (40.4%)

All values are means (95% CI) and are on admission unless otherwise stated.

^*Glasgow Coma Score < 11.

^†BUN on admission > 21.4 mmol/L (60 mg/dL).

^‡Hematocrit < 20 on admission.

^§Blood glucose level < 2 mmol/L.

^¶Systolic blood pressure < 80 mm of Hg and cool peripheries.