Table 3.
Odds of current smoking, by workplace smoking policy and nativity.
| Model 2 | Model 3 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unstratified model: Main Effect of Policy |
Unstratified model: Nativity Interaction with Policy | Stratified model: US Born |
Stratified model: Foreign Born |
||||||||||||||||
| unweighted sample size --> | n=85,784 | n=85,784 | n=77,561 | n=8,223 | |||||||||||||||
| Variable reported --> | Policy is Not Smokefree |
Policy is Not Smokefree |
Foreign Born | Non Smokefree Policy*Foreign Born Interaction |
Policy is Not Smokefree |
Policy is Not Smokefree |
|||||||||||||
| Mo del |
Variables in model | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p | Logit Coeff |
p | OR 2 | OR | (95% CI) | p | OR | (95% CI) | p |
| A | Policy only | 1.77 | (1.69, 1.85) | *** | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.83 | (1.74, 1.92) | *** | 1.39 | (1.20, 1.61) | *** |
| One variable added at a time. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Demographic/Socioeconomic Variables | |||||||||||||||||||
| B | Policy + Foreign Born | 1.78 | (1.71, 1.87) | *** | 1.83 | (1.74, 1.92) | *** | 0.60 | (0.55, 0.65) | *** | −0.27 | *** | 1.39 | -- | -- | ||||
| C | Policy + Occupation 1,4 | 1.51 | (1.45, 1.58) | *** | 1.55 | (1.48, 1.63) | *** | 0.55 | (0.50, 0.60) | *** | −0.28 | *** | 1.17 | 1.54 | (1.47, 1.62) | *** | 1.26 | (1.07, 1.47) | ** |
| D | Policy + Industry 1,5 | 1.56 | (1.49, 1.64) | *** | 1.60 | (1.52, 1.68) | *** | 0.55 | (0.50, 0.61) | *** | −0.23 | ** | 1.27 | 1.60 | (1.52, 1.68) | *** | 1.27 | (1.09, 1.47) | ** |
| E | Policy + Income 1 | 1.65 | (1.57, 1.72) | *** | 1.69 | (1.61, 1.78) | *** | 0.56 | (0.51, 0.61) | *** | −0.31 | *** | 1.24 | 1.68 | (1.60, 1.77) | *** | 1.33 | (1.14, 1.55) | *** |
| F | Policy + Education 1 | 1.54 | (1.47, 1.61) | *** | 1.58 | (1.50, 1.66) | *** | 0.60 | (0.55, 0.66) | *** | −0.3 | *** | 1.17 | 1.56 | (1.49, 1.64) | *** | 1.32 | (1.13, 1.55) | *** |
| G | Policy + Gender 1 | 1.77 | (1.69, 1.85) | *** | 1.81 | (1.73, 1.90) | *** | 0.59 | (0.54, 0.65) | *** | −0.27 | ** | 1.38 | 1.83 | (1.74, 1.92) | *** | 1.32 | (1.13, 1.54) | *** |
| H | Policy + Race/ethnicity 1 | 1.80 | (1.72, 1.88) | *** | 1.84 | (1.75, 1.93) | *** | 0.72 | (0.66, 0.80) | *** | −0.27 | ** | 1.41 | 1.84 | (1.75, 1.93) | *** | 1.39 | (1.20, 1.61) | *** |
| J | Policy + Marital 1 | 1.76 | (1.69, 1.84) | *** | 1.81 | (1.78, 1.89) | *** | 0.62 | (0.56, 0.68) | *** | −0.25 | ** | 1.41 | 1.81 | (1.72, 1.89) | *** | 1.39 | (1.20, 1.62) | *** |
| K | Policy + Age 1 | 1.78 | (1.70, 1.86) | *** | 1.82 | (1.74, 1.91) | *** | 0.59 | (0.53, 0.64) | *** | −0.28 | *** | 1.38 | 1.83 | (1.74, 1.91) | *** | 1.38 | (1.19, 1.60) | *** |
| L | Policy + Interview Language | 1.79 | (1.71, 1.87) | *** | 1.83 | (1.74, 1.92) | *** | 0.60 | (0.54, 0.66) | *** | −0.27 | ** | 1.40 | 1.83 | (1.75, 1.92) | *** | 1.37 | (1.18, 1.60) | *** |
| M | Policy + Immigrant Length of Stay 1,6 | 1.79 | (1.71, 1.87) | *** | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.39 | (1.19, 1.62) | *** | ||||||||
| State Variables | |||||||||||||||||||
| N | Policy + State Dummies 1 | 1.73 | (1.65, 1.81) | *** | 1.77 | (1.69, 1.86) | *** | 0.65 | (0.59, 0.71) | *** | −0.27 | ** | 1.36 | 1.77 | (1.69, 1.86) | *** | 1.36 | (1.16, 1.59) | *** |
| Multivariate Model Building | |||||||||||||||||||
| P | Policy + all covariates | 1.34 | (1.27, 1.41) | *** | 1.37 | (1.30, 1.44) | *** | 0.71 | (0.56, 0.88) | ** | −0.23 | ** | 1.09 | 1.36 | (1.29, 1.44) | *** | 1.15 | (0.97, 1.35) | # |
p-value: p=<.10
p=<.05
p=<.01
p=<.001
OR = Odds Ratio.
For models 2 & 3, all unstratified models (B-P) also contain the variable Nativity.
Odds ratio for the interaction was calculated as the odds ratio of being in a non-smokefree workplace among foreign born (compared to the foreign born in smokefree workplaces).
For model 3, the odds ratios for the main effect of policy is interpreted as the policy association for the US-born, while the interaction logit coefficient is the differential policy association for the foreign born (on the logit scale).
Occupation was coded in 5 categories: professional specialty; executive administrative & managerial; technicians & related support, sales, and administrative support including clerical; Service; Blue Collar.
Industry was modeled in 8 categories: trade; manufacturing; services; professional and related services; finance, insurance, and real estate; public administration; transportation and communications; agricultural, forestry and fishing, mining, and construction.
Immigrant length of stay was included only in Models 2M and 5M to maintain consistency of the meaning of the nativity variable.