Table 1. Characteristics of participants who prefer to be tested in English.

	Bilinguals with Alzheimer's Disease			Bilingual Controls
	n^a	M	SD	n^a	M	SD	t	p
Age	16	74.8	9.5	22	74.4	9.8	< 1	0.90
Education	16	14.4	3.0	22	13.6	2.7	< 1	0.43
DRS^b	16	109.7	16.9	22	136.3	5.2	7.00	< .01
MMSE^c	16	21.6	6.4	22	29.7	0.6	5.90	< .01
Age of Regular English Use	15	3.6	7.5	22	3.7	3.8	< 1	0.96
Percent Daily English use	16	90.3	13.4	22	84.5	20.8	< 1	0.34
English Speaking^d	16	6.6	0.6	22	6.7	0.6	< 1	0.59
English Reading^d	16	6.7	0.7	22	6.6	0.7	< 1	0.93
English Writing^d	16	6.5	1.1	22	6.5	1.0	< 1	0.93
English Comprehension^d	16	6.7	0.8	22	6.8	0.5	< 1	0.60
Spanish Speaking^d	16	5.0	1.6	22	4.7	1.5	< 1	0.56
Spanish Reading^d	16	4.4	2.3	22	4.2	1.8	< 1	0.83
Spanish Writing^d	16	4.1	2.3	22	3.9	1.9	< 1	0.71
Spanish Comprehension^d	16	5.5	1.5	22	5.3	1.5	< 1	0.71

The number varies from characteristic to characteristic because of missing data.

The Dementia Rating Scale (DRS; Mattis, 1988)

The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE; Folstein, Folstein & McHugh, 1975)

Proficiency level based on self-ratings using a scale of 1-7 with 1 being “little to no knowledge” and 7 being “like a native speaker.”