Table 2.
Univariate Analysis of All Variables and Risk of Mortality
| Unadjusted Hazard Ratio | p Value | |
| Background characteristics | ||
| Age at fracture (y) | 14.2 | <.001 |
| Male sex | 6.2 | .013 |
| Living in nursing home | 37.5 | <.001 |
| IQCODE score* | 38.8 | <.001 |
| Barthel Index ≤ 18/20 | 36.8 | <.001 |
| Body mass index ≤ 20 | 6.6 | .010 |
| ASA† group III, IV, or V | 34.4 | <.001 |
| History of | ||
| Hypertension | 3.9 | .049 |
| Congestive heart failure | 11.2 | .001 |
| Coronary heart disease (previous myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, or other ischemic heart disease) | 9.7 | .002 |
| Previous stroke | 2.3 | .127 |
| Obstructive pulmonary disease | 6.0 | .015 |
| Use of | ||
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 1.3 | .247 |
| Beta-blockers | 0.4 | .538 |
| Diuretics | 31.2 | <.001 |
| Statins | 0.5 | .045 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin antagonist | 0.7 | .414 |
| Preoperative risk factors on admission | ||
| C-reactive protein > 10 mg/L | 6.7 | .010 |
| Anemia, hemoglobin <13.4 in male and <11.7 in female | 8.0 | .005 |
| White blood cells > 10 × 109/L | 0.246 | .620 |
| Serum Sodium <137 or >145 mmol/L | 1.8 | .178 |
| Serum Potassium <3.6 or >5.0 mmol/L | 0.1 | .820 |
| Serum Albumin <35 g/L | 6.8 | .009 |
| Serum Urea >8 mg/dL | 5.3 | .022 |
| Urea/creatinine ratio | 7.6 | .006 |
| Atrial fibrillation on admission | 4.1 | .042 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 0.05 | .822 |
| Heart rate > 100 beats per min | 4.5 | .033 |
| Body temperature >37.5°C | 1.7 | .193 |
| Time (h) from admission to surgery | 0.3 | .866 |
| Perioperative and postoperative risk factors | ||
| Time (h) in operation theater | 1.5 | .224 |
| Type of operation—hemiarthroplasty | 0.0 | .993 |
| Type of anesthesia | 3.0 | .082 |
| Lowest mean arterial pressure perioperatively (mmHg) | 1.9 | .166 |
| Received blood transfusion during the stay | 2.9 | .087 |