SCHEME 1.
Gating of mitochondrial PTP by LCFA/MEDICA. Suppression of Raf1 expression by LCFA/MEDICA-induced UPR is proposed to result in inhibition of both the Raf1/MEK/ERK/RSK1 and the Raf1/adenylate cyclase/PKA transduction pathways. Suppression of RSK1 and PKA may result in decreased mitochondrial P-Bad(Ser-112) and P-Bad(Ser-155), respectively. Mitochondrial nonphosphorylated Bad(Ser-112, Ser-155) may bind to Bcl2 resulting in displacement of Bax or Bak. Increased mitochondrial Bax or Bak may induce LC-PTP gating and calorigenesis that may drift to HC-PTP gating and apoptosis.