FIGURE 6.

Identification of oxidase encoding genes Aldh3a2 and Akr1c18 as PPARα targets. Relative mRNA levels of ALDH3A2 (A) and AKR1C18 (B) in livers of wild-type (WT, n = 5), Ppara-null (KO, n = 4), and PPARα-humanized (PAC, n = 4) mice, determined by qPCR. In vivo luciferase activity by bioluminescent imaging were measured in wild-type mice (FVB/NJ background) (C), Ppara-null mice (Sv129 background) (D), and Sv129 wild-type mice (E) 48 h after hydrodynamic tail vein injection of 40 μg of Ppre-luc (Ppre), pGL3-Aldh3a2-luc (Aldh3a2), pGL3-Akr1c18-luc (Akr1c18), and pGL3-luc (pGL3) plasmid vectors, and 24 h following either control (−) or WY (+) diet administration. C–E, hepatic DNA copies of hydrodynamic injected vectors and the housekeeping gene Gapdh in individual mouse, demonstrated through PCR using RV3-GL2 primer and Gapdh primer respectively. Each data bar in this figure represents the mean ± S.D. The group differences are shown with significance values of p < 0.01 (**) and p < 0.001 (***) for Student's t test and p < 0.05 (#), p < 0.01 (##), and p < 0.001 (###) for one-way ANOVA. N.S. represents no statistical difference.