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. 2010 Feb 23;11(1):21. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-21

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Copyright ©2010 Tan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Regulation of TGF-β1-induced COL1A1, CTGF and MMP-2 mRNA levels by PPARγ ligands. (A) Effect of PPARγ agonists on regulation of COL1A1 mRNA levels by TGF-β1 (n = 5). (B) Effect of the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 (10 μM) on regulation of TGF-β1-mediated COL1A1 mRNA by RGZ (n = 6) and CGZ (n = 4). (C) and (D) Effect of PPARγ ligands on regulation of CTGF and MMP-2 mRNA levels by TGF-β1 (n = 4,7). Total RNA was collected from A549 cells pre-incubated with vehicle, RGZ or CGZ with or without GW9662 for 1 hr and then stimulated with 2.5 ng/ml TGF-β1 for 24 hr. Results were normalised to 18s rRNA levels and expressed as fold change from basal levels. Each point represents mean ± S.E.M. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 compared with TGF-β1.