Table 1.
Function and origin of hormones involved in food intake
| Hormone | Origin | Physiological function |
|---|---|---|
| Leptin | Fat cells | Suppresses appetite and food intake |
| Ghrelin | Fundic portion of the stomach | Increases food intake |
| Cholecystokinin (CCK) | Duodenum | Induces satiety |
| Peptide YY (PYY) | Endocrine L cells of the small intestine and colon | Suppresses food intake and increases intermeal intervals |
| α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) | Arcuate nucleus in the brain | Reduces food intake |
| Neuropeptide Y (NPY) | Arcuate nucleus in the brain | Increases food intake |
| Agouti-related protein (AgRP) | Arcuate nucleus in the brain | Increases food intake |