Table 3.
Proportion of small-holder pig farmers who were interviewed 3 times over one year, knew about Taenia solium, understood its life cycle, and tethered their pigs in Western Kenya, 2006–2008*
| Question | Questionnaire† | Odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 2–3 | |
| Combined data from Kakamega and Busia (N = 99) | ||||||
| Have you heard of a disease in pigs where cysts are found in the pig's muscles? | 44% (44/99)¶ | 62% (61/98)‖ | 77% (72/94)** | OR = 1.3 [0.6–3.0] P = 0.013 | OR = 1.6 [0.6–4.2] P = 0.000 | OR = 1.5 [0.6–4.0] P = 0.033 |
| Do you know how pigs get the disease?‡ | – | 34% (40/119)¶ | 49% (59/120)‖ | – | – | OR = 1.5 [0.7–3.3] P = 0.024 |
| Do you tether your growing and adult pigs 100% of the time? | 34% (33/97)¶ | 51% (47/93)‖ | 63% (53/84)** | OR = 2.7 [1.1-6.8] P = 0.008 | OR = 1.5 [0.6–3.8] P = 0.000 | OR = 4.3 [1.6–11.4] P = 0.023 |
| Do you tether your growing and adult pigs more than 75% of the time? | 59% (57/97)¶ | 67% (62/93)¶ | 79% (66/84)‖ | NS | OR = 1.7 [0.6–4.9] P = 0.000 | OR = 2.9 [1.0–8.5] P = 0.034 |
| Busia only (N = 75) | ||||||
| Have you heard about tapeworms in people? | – | 93% (64/69) | 90% (62/69) | – | – | NS |
| Farmer was shown a picture of tapeworm segments. Have you ever seen these kinds of worms in someone's stool (feces)? | – | 49% (34/70) | 53% (37/70) | – | – | NS |
| If you saw these worms in the stool of someone in your family, what do you think you should do? | – | 86% (56/65) | 77% (50/65) | – | – | NS |
| How do you think people get infected with these tapeworms? (Correct for T. solium parasite) | – | 25% (17/68)¶ | 41% (28/68)‖ | – | – | OR = 5.3 [1.6–17.4] P = 0.016 |
| How do you think people get infected with these tapeworms? (Correct for Neurocysticercosis/ epilepsy) | – | 46% (31/68) | 57% (39/68) | – | – | NS |
Within-farmer comparison of knowledge and behavior from farm visits 1, 2, and 3. The comparison groups were proportions at the first and second farm visit (1–2), first and third farm visit (1–3), and second and third farm visits (2–3). Only farms where the same person was interviewed each visit were included in these analyses.
Questionnaire 1 administered in Busia June 2006 and in Kakamega July 2007; Questionnaire 2 administered in Busia Nov 2006 and in Kakamega Dec 2007 and May 2008; Questionnaire 3 administered in Busia Feb 2007 and in Kakamega June and Oct 2008.
Includes farmers matched in Questionnaires 2 and 3.
Values with different superscripts within a row differ significantly (P < 0.05). NS = not significant.