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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Mar 23.
Published in final edited form as: J Orthop Res. 2007 Dec;25(12):1552–1558. doi: 10.1002/jor.20435

Fig. 1. Procedures of creating and stabilizing tibia fracture.

Fig. 1

(A) One 0.25mm pin (arrow) was placed into the marrow cavity. Two 0.25 mm pins (arrowheads) were placed 90° to each other in the proximal and distal segments of tibia. (B) A circular ring oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia was then fixed to the pins in each segment. (C) A closed fracture (arrow) in the tibial diaphysis was created by three-point bending. (D) The tibiae were stabilized immediately, at 24, 48, 72, or 96 hours by connecting the rings with three longitudinal threaded rods (arrows). (This figure is modified from Fig. 2 in “A model for intramembranous ossification during fracture healing. Thompson et al. J Orthop Res. 2002;20(5):1091–8” with permission from John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)