TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in the Dietary Modification Trial who provided blood samples (n = 2730), by randomization assignment1
| Intervention | Comparison | P value2 | |
| No. of subjects randomly assigned | 1068 | 1662 | — |
| Age (y) | 61.6 ± 6.93 | 61.8 ± 6.9 | 0.44 |
| Race-ethnicity [n (%)]4 | 0.86 | ||
| White | 522 (48.9) | 807 (48.6) | |
| Black | 294 (27.5) | 485 (29.2) | |
| Hispanic | 127 (11.9) | 178 (10.7) | |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 27 (2.5) | 47 (2.8) | |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 79 (7.4) | 114 (6.9) | |
| BMI [n (%)] | 0.65 | ||
| <25 kg/m2 | 230 (21.7) | 356 (21.5) | |
| 25 to <30 kg/m2 | 377 (35.5) | 561 (33.9) | |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 455 (42.8) | 736 (44.5) | |
| Current smoker [n (%)] | 85 (8.1) | 119 (7.3) | 0.44 |
| Alcohol intake [n (%)] | 0.15 | ||
| 0 g/d | 541 (50.9) | 834 (50.4) | |
| >0 to <1.2 g/d | 154 (14.5) | 284 (17.2) | |
| ≥1.2 g/d | 368 (34.6) | 538 (32.5) | |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 412 (43.0) | 722 (47.7) | 0.02 |
| Lipid-lowering medication use [n (%)] | 108 (11.7) | 171 (11.8) | 0.95 |
| Diabetes, history or fasting glucose >125 mg/dL [n (%)] | 114 (10.9) | 180 (11.0) | 0.92 |
| Enrolled in hormone therapy trial [n (%)] | 0.02 | ||
| Not enrolled | 721 (67.5) | 1065 (64.1) | |
| Assigned to active hormone therapy | 161 (15.1) | 322 (19.4) | |
| Assigned to placebo | 186 (17.4) | 275 (16.6) | |
| Enrolled in calcium and vitamin D trial [n (%)] | 0.30 | ||
| Not enrolled | 549 (51.4) | 807 (48.6) | |
| Assigned to active calcium and vitamin D | 264 (24.7) | 422 (25.4) | |
| Assigned to placebo | 255 (23.9) | 433 (26.1) | |
| Postmenopausal hormone use ever [n (%)] | 540 (50.6) | 838 (50.4) | 0.94 |
| Hysterectomy [n (%)] | 472 (44.2) | 792 (47.7) | 0.08 |
| Activity (METs/wk) | 9.5 ± 11.7 | 9.4 ± 11.9 | 0.85 |
| History of cardiovascular disease [n (%)] | |||
| MI | 15 (1.4) | 24 (1.4) | 0.93 |
| Stroke | 12 (1.1) | 26 (1.6) | 0.34 |
| CABG or PCI | 11 (1.0) | 18 (1.1) | 0.87 |
| Metabolic syndrome [n (%)]5 | 391 (36.6) | 608 (36.6) | 0.99 |
1
Participants are those with known values for triglycerides or total, LDL, or HDL cholesterol. METs, metabolic equivalent tasks; MI, myocardial infarction; CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.
2
values are from chi-square tests.
3
Mean ± SD (all such values).
4
Ethnicity was unknown for 1.8% of participants.
5
Defined retrospectively by the Adult Treatment Plan III criteria.