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. 2010 Feb 11;42(3):223–232. doi: 10.3858/emm.2010.42.3.024

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effect of DDS on paraquat (PQ)-induced calcium dependent PKC activation in HDFs. (A) Effect of DDS on paraquat-induced changes in calcium levels in HDFs. HDFs were seeded to 96 well plate for 24 h and pretreated with various concentration of DDS and 5 µM DPI for 30 min. The cells were incubated with the intracellular calcium-indicator Fluo-4 AM at 37℃ for 30 min, and then exposed to 1 mM paraquat for several minutes. The data of 3 min paraquat treatment are representatives of three independent experiments. (B) Paraquat-induced PKC phosphorylation was determined using western blotting. HDFs were first treated with DDS and then exposed to 1 mM paraquat for 1 min or 5 min. PKC phosphorylation was determined using phosphorylation-specific anti-PKC antibody. The data of PKC-pan phosphorylation (specifically serine 660) graphed is representative of three independent experiments. #P < 0.05 relative to CC, *P < 0.05 relative to C.