Table 5.
Academic Status in the Ninth Grade (Odds Ratio) |
Academic Status at the End of High School (Relative Risk Ratios) |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
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3 versus 2 | 3 versus 1 | 2 versus 1 | 3 versus 2 | 3 versus 1 | 2 versus 1 | ||
Family-Structure History | |||||||
Family instability | |||||||
Birth through Wave I | 0.92+ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Birth through Wave II | — | 0.82*** | 0.77*** | 0.94 | 0.80*** | 0.74*** | 0.93 |
Family structure at birth | |||||||
Single-parent family | 0.75* | 0.88 | 0.67* | 0.77 | 1.01 | 0.78 | 0.77 |
Initial Academic Status | |||||||
Completed Algebra I in the ninth grade | — | — | — | 12.55*** | 18.93*** | 1.51* | |
Individual Characteristics | |||||||
Age | 0.81*** | 0.80*** | 0.67*** | 0.84** | 0.81*** | 0.71* | 0.87* |
Male | 0.82* | 0.73*** | 0.62*** | 0.85 | 0.74*** | 0.62** | 0.84 |
Race and ethnicity | |||||||
African American | 0.73+ | 0.71* | 0.89 | 1.26 | 0.81 | 1.02 | 1.27 |
Latina/Latino | 0.76 | 0.86 | 0.93 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.12 | 1.11 |
Other | 1.84 | 1.81 | 3.10* | 1.71 | 1.62+ | 2.25+ | 1.39 |
Parents’ educational attainment | |||||||
Less than high school | 0.79 | 0.83 | 0.41*** | 0.49*** | 0.83 | 0.40*** | 0.49*** |
Some college education | 1.65*** | 1.81*** | 0.21*** | 1.13 | 1.64*** | 1.79** | 1.09 |
At least college graduation | 3.23*** | 2.85*** | 6.27*** | 2.20*** | 2.07*** | 4.36*** | 2.12*** |
Missing education | 0.86 | 1.08 | 0.50* | 0.46** | 1.06+ | 0.51 + | 0.48** |
School Context | |||||||
Urbanicity | |||||||
Urban | 1.00 | 1.21 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 1.24 | 0.85 | 0.69 |
Rural | 1.26 | 0.99 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 0.85 |
Private school | 2.81*** | 1.20 | 2.14* | 1.78* | 0.77 | 1.23 | 1.60 |
−2 log likelihood | −2461.30 | −3595.66 | −2996.31 |
Note: 1 = dropped out of high school, 2 = graduated from high school but did not complete Algebra II, and 3 = graduated from high school and completed at least Algebra II.
p < .10.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001.