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. 2010 Mar;51(3):1283–1288. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4366

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Deactivation steps essential for normal photoresponse recovery. (A) R* deactivation requires phosphorylation by GRK1 (RK) and the binding of ARR1. Traces are population-average, single-photon responses adapted or unpublished from previous studies.23,24 (B) Gtα-PDE* deactivation requires GTP hydrolysis that is stimulated by the RGS9 complex consisting of RGS9–1 (RGS9), Gβ5-L (Gβ5), and R9AP. Traces are population-average, single-photon responses adapted, or unpublished from previous studies.10,44,45 Crystal structures of each protein or enzyme exported from RCSBPDB Protein Data Bank (available at www.pdb.org) using the Protein Workshop viewer (available at www.rcsb.org/pdb/; both are a cooperative venture between Rutgers, Piscataway, NJ, and University of California, San Diego) for illustration. PDB Accession numbers were: Rh, 2L37; RK, 3C50; Arr1, 1CF1; RGS9 and Gβ5, 2PBI; PDEαβ, 1FL4; Gβ1γ1, 1TBG; Gαt, 1TAD. The representations provided for PDEγ (yellow barbell) and R9AP (orange disc) are cartoons, because no crystal structures are yet available.