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. 2010 Mar 26;6(3):e1000723. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000723

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Kuwahara et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Structural fimbriae subunits are encoded by fimA and other downstream genes, which are transcribed when the fim switch is in the ON position (as shown here – also see Figure 1). Recombinases and bind to / and invert the switch with different rates ( is strongly biased in the ON-to-OFF direction, while is close to fair). A small protein, , acts in a temperature-dependent manner and represses the expression of the two recombinases. stimulates and inhibits switching based on its occupancy of three sites, while its expression is also repressed by . is required for any observable phase variation as it plays a structural role during switching through its ability to produce sharp bends in the DNA.

Inline graphic — Structural fimbriae subunits are encoded by fimA and other downstream genes, which are transcribed when the fim switch is in the ON position (as shown here – also see Figure 1). Recombinases and bind to / and invert the switch with different rates ( is strongly biased in the ON-to-OFF direction, while is close to fair). A small protein, , acts in a temperature-dependent manner and represses the expression of the two recombinases. stimulates and inhibits switching based on its occupancy of three sites, while its expression is also repressed by . is required for any observable phase variation as it plays a structural role during switching through its ability to produce sharp bends in the DNA.