Table 3.
Results of the ANOVAs for Experiment 1. m.s.e. = mean squared error, η2 = partial eta-squared (effect size).
| responses to words | |
| RTs (naming latencies) to words | |
| test 1: RTs to words before training on the non-words | |
| visual field (LVF versus RVF) | F1,29 = 95.45, m.s.e. = 516, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.767 |
| length (four versus six letters) | F1,29 = 33.99, m.s.e. = 599, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.540 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 6.27, m.s.e. = 449, p = 0.018, η2 = 0.178 |
| test 2: RTs to words after training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 40.68, m.s.e. = 640, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.584 |
| length | F1,29 = 36.57, m.s.e. = 355, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.558 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 4.82, m.s.e. = 272, p = 0.036, η2 = 0.142 |
| combined analysis of tests 1 and 2. RTs to words before and after training on the non-words | |
| test (1 versus 2) | F1,29 = 31.97, m.s.e. = 2668, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.524 |
| visual field | F1,29 = 92.74, m.s.e. = 792, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.762 |
| length | F1,29 = 73.93, m.s.e. = 445, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.718 |
| test × visual field | F1,29 = 5.05, m.s.e. = 364, p = 0.032, η2 = 0.148 |
| test × length | F1,29 = 0.82, m.s.e. = 508, p = 0.374, η2 = 0.027 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 12.96, m.s.e. = 307, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.309 |
| test × visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.35, m.s.e. = 413, p = 0.561, η2 = 0.012 |
| errors to words | |
| test 1: errors to words before training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 3.13, m.s.e. = 0.77, p = 0.088, η2 = 0.097 |
| length | F1,29 = 1.26, m.s.e. = 1.12, p = 0.270, η2 = 0.042 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 1.83, m.s.e. = 0.77, p = .187, η2 = 0.059 |
| test 2: errors to words after training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 0.41, m.s.e. = 0.99, p = 0.527, η2 = 0.003 |
| length | F1,29 = 0.09, m.s.e. = 0.80, p = 0.762, η2 = 0.003 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 1.42, m.s.e. = 0.99, p = 0.244, η2 = 0.047 |
| combined analysis of tests 1 and 2. Errors to words before and after training on the non-words | |
| test (1 versus 2) | F1,29 = 3.16, m.s.e. = 1.71, p = 0.086, η2 = 0.098 |
| visual field | F1,29 = 2.31, m.s.e. = 1.04, p = 0.139, η2 = 0.074 |
| length | F1,29 = 1.12, m.s.e. = 0.96, p = 0.301, η2 = 0.037 |
| test × visual field | F1,29 = 0.57, m.s.e. = 0.73, p = 0.455, η2 = 0.019 |
| test × length | F1,29 = 0.44, m.s.e. = 0.95, p = 0.513, η2 = 0.015 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 3.60, m.s.e. = 0.78, p = 0.068, η2 = 0.110 |
| test × visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.00, m.s.e. = 0.98, p = 1.00, η2 = 0.000 |
| responses to non-words | |
| RTs (naming latencies) to non-words | |
| test 1: RTs to non-words before training on the non-words | |
| visual field (LVF versus RVF) | F1,29 = 36.71, m.s.e. = 637, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.559 |
| length (four versus six letters) | F1,29 = 117.63, m.s.e. = 1477, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.802 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 2.25, m.s.e. = 436, p = 0.144, η2 = 0.072 |
| test 2: RTs to non-words after training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 56.41, m.s.e. = 561, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.660 |
| length | F1,29 = 39.40, m.s.e. = 536, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.576 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 38.60, m.s.e. = 328, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.571 |
| combined analysis of tests 1 and 2. RTs to non-words before and after training on the non-words | |
| test (1 versus 2) | F1,29 = 100.40, m.s.e. = 6674, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.776 |
| visual field | F1,29 = 65.03, m.s.e. = 842, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.692 |
| length | F1,29 = 109.38, m.s.e. = 1145, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.790 |
| test × visual field | F1,29 = 0.87, m.s.e. = 357, p = 0.358, η2 = 0.029 |
| test × length | F1,29 = 64.78, m.s.e. = 568, p < 0.001, η2 = 691 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 25.67, m.s.e. = 402, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.470 |
| test × visual field × length | F1,29 = 9.11, m.s.e. = 361, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.239 |
| errors to non-words | |
| test 1: errors to non-words before training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 3.46, m.s.e. = 2.79, p = 0.073, η2 = 0.106 |
| length | F1,29 = 57.98, m.s.e. = 4.35, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.667 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.46, m.s.e. = 1.82, p = 0.506, η2 = 0.016 |
| test 2: errors to non-words after training on the non-words | |
| visual field | F1,29 = 3.53, m.s.e. = 0.85, p = 0.070, η2 = 0.108 |
| length | F1,29 = 5.31, m.s.e. = 0.69, p = 0.029, η2 = 0.155 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.70, m.s.e. = 0.97, p = 0.411, η2 = 0.023 |
| combined analysis of tests 1 and 2. Errors to non-words before and after training on the non-words | |
| test (1 versus 2) | F1,29 = 52.32, m.s.e. = 7.51, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.643 |
| visual field | F1,29 = 5.89, m.s.e. = 1.99, p = 0.022, η2 = 0.169 |
| length | F1,29 = 47.89, m.s.e. = 3.31, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.623 |
| test × visual field | F1,29 = 0.57, m.s.e. = 1.65, p = .457, η2 = .019 |
| test × length | F1,29 = 56.19, m.s.e. = 1.74, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.660 |
| visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.83, m.s.e. = 1.81, p = 0.369, η2 = 0.028 |
| test × visual field × length | F1,29 = 0.004, m.s.e. = 0.98, p = 0.948, η2 = 0.000 |