Direct immunization with LV-huCEA induces cytokine secretion by unstimulated splenocytes. Splenocytes from huCEA Tg mice sacrificed at day 28 were cultured and secreted cytokines were detected at 24 h (open columns) and 48 h (shaded columns). A to D, fluorescence intensity measured for IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-2, and IL-10, respectively. Left, first tumor stabilization experiment; right, second stabilization experiment. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.005; ***, P < 0.0005 (LV-huCEA versus LV-enGFP).