Table 1.
Strength and dietary outcomes: across groups effects for evaluable participants (N = 54)
| Control (C) (n = 16) |
Nutrition education (N) (n = 21) |
Nutrition + strength training (N+ST) (n = 17) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcomesa | Pretest | Post-test | Pretest | Post-test | Pretest | Post-test | P valueb |
| Strength | |||||||
| Bench press (kg) | 42.5 (13.0) | 47.7 (13.9)c | 42.6 (11.9) | 43.5 (11.6)c | 44.3 (18.6) | 56.1 (19.0)d | <0.001 |
| Leg press (kg) | 233.0 (87.4) | 255.4 (116.9) | 232.4 (95.8) | 226.8 (66.0) | 216.6 (91.8) | 271.5 (107.3) | 0.06 |
| Dietary | |||||||
| Energy (kcals/d) | 1,957.7 (721.9) | 2,146.6 (987.0)c | 1,954.5 (678.8) | 1,752.1 (616.0)c | 1,788.1 (455.9) | 1,436.1(472.3)d | 0.05 |
| Carbohydrate (g/d) | 262.9 (94.2) | 282.0 (133.2)c | 256.3 (107.2) | 234.0 (92.3)c | 226.4 (61.1) | 185.1 (57.9)d | 0.04 |
| Protein (g/d) | 69.7 (29.5) | 80.0 (39.1) | 76.4 (22.2) | 71.7 (24.5) | 73.8 (23.5) | 65.0 (27.3) | 0.50 |
| Fat (g/d) | 72.6 (34.4) | 80.3 (43.7)c | 71.7 (26.3) | 61.5 (23.8)c | 67.4 (24.9) | 51.3 (22.9)d | 0.03 |
| Total sugar (g/d) | 120.9 (52.8) | 118.5 (65.7) | 111.1 (58.8) | 101.0 (55.6) | 102.2 (35.3) | 87.1 (40.6) | 0.70 |
| Added sugar (g/d) | 92.6 (53.7) | 84.2 (49.8) | 75.2 (48.9) | 57.6 (49.4) | 59.7 (30.0) | 50.4 (29.2) | 0.62 |
| Fiber (g/d) | 14.2 (4.8) | 17.1 (7.4) | 16.8 (9.9) | 17.9 (7.0) | 14.8 (4.8) | 15.2 (7.9) | 0.52 |
Data are mean (s.d.). Sample sizes for dietary variables are as follows: C (n = 14); N (n = 20); N+ST (n = 15).
P values were calculated using analysis of covariance. Covariates included: age, sex, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry fat and lean tissue mass. Dietary variables included calories not attributed to nutrient-dependent variable as a covariate. Analyses were based on log scores for the following variables: protein, fat, total sugar, added sugar, and fiber.
Means with different letters (c and d) across intervention groups are signifcantly different from one another using Bonferroni multiple comparisons (P < 0.05).
Means with different letters (c and d) across intervention groups are signifcantly different from one another using Bonferroni multiple comparisons (P < 0.05).