Four to five week old female BALB/c mice (n=6) were immunized i.n. with active rCPAF, inactive rCPAF, rGST, or PBS (mock) plus IL-12 on day 0, and booster immunizations were given on days 14 and 28. Mice were also given IL-12 alone on days −1 and +1. One month after the final immunization, mice were challenged i.vag. with 5×104 IFU of C. muridarum. Vaginal swabs were obtained and analyzed for numbers of chlamydial IFU recovered. The shedding of bacteria was monitored every third day for 30 days. Results are represented as mean ± SE. Significant differences between mock-vaccinated versus active rCPAF (♣) or inactive rCPAF groups (*) (P ≤ 0.05, Mann-Whitney Rank Sum test).