Figure 4.
Effect of thymoquinone nanoparticles on TNF-induced NF-κB activation. (A) KBM-5 (1 × 106 cells/mL) cells were treated with indicated concentrations of thymoquinone or thymoquinone nanoparticles for 4 h then co-incubated with TNF (0.1 nM) for 30 min. Nuclear extracts were prepared and the NF-κB activity was examined by EMSA (panel A). (B) Relative NF-κB activation by TNF and its inhibition by TQ and TQ-NP. Data are the representative of three independent experiments. Points, mean (n = 3); bars, S.E. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01 versus untreated cells.
