Table 1.
Anatomical Location and Statistical Assessment of Activation for the ROIs isolated from Surprise trials in Experiment 1 (Surprise trial – Search trial contrast).
| Region | Hemi | Tal co-ords (x, y, z) | SS1+2 vs. SS3+4 (t) | SS3+4 vs. SS5+6 (t) | SS1+2 vs. SS5+6 (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPJ | Right | 46, −56, 27 | 2.11* | 1.07 | 2.76* |
| TPJ | Left | −49, −56, 23 | 2.35* | 1.30 | 2.86* |
| IFJ | Right | 37, 5, 29 | 2.72* | −0.37 | 2.05* |
| IFJ | Left | −40, 8, 25 | 2.46* | 0.05 | 2.18* |
| FG | Right | 30, −44, −11 | 0.42 | −0.92 | −0.53 |
| FG | Left | −32, −51, −10 | 1.05 | −0.70 | 0.05 |
| IFG | Right | 40, 19, 13 | 0.75 | 0.30 | 1.09 |
| IFG | Left | −48, 19, 7 | −0.57 | 0.77 | 0.19 |
| OFC | Right | 34, 27, −10 | −0.22 | −0.19 | −0.53 |
| OFC | Left | −37, 26, −8 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.40 |
| Pulvinar | Bilateral | −7/9, −27, 1 | 1.46 | 0.71 | 1.83 |
| PG | Right | 32, −3, −13 | −0.09 | −0.70 | −0.80 |
| STG | Right | 33, 12, −27 | 0.95 | 0.07 | 1.26 |
| MTS | Left | −51, 2, −12 | −0.17 | −0.28 | −0.36 |
| SFG | Right | 13, 24, 49 | 0.49 | 0.74 | 0.90 |
| Amygdala / SLEA | Right | 16, −9, −8 | 1.58 | −0.17 | 1.26 |
The three rightmost columns list the t-values resulting from paired t-tests of the given Surprise Stimulus pairs. An asterisk (*) marks those comparisons significant at p < 0.05. Tal co-ords = Talairach coordinates45. TPJ = Temporo-Parietal Junction (Brodmann areas 39, 40, 22), IFJ = Inferior Frontal Junction (Brodmann areas 9, 44, 6), FG = Fusiform Gyrus (Brodmann area 37), IFG = Inferior Frontal Gyrus (Brodmann areas 44, 45), OFC = Orbitofrontal Cortex (Brodmann area 47), PG = Parahippocampal Gyrus, STG = Superior Temporal Gyrus (Brodmann area 38), MTS = Middle Temporal Sulcus (Brodmann area 21), SFG = Superior Frontal Gyrus (Brodmann area 8), Amygdala / SLEA = Amgydala and Sub-Lenticular Extended Amygdala. With the exception of the IFJ and TPJ, none of these brain regions showed activation differences between any of the three Surprise stimulus pairs (all p's > 0.1), although the amygdala/SLEA and pulvinar showed non-significant trends for greater SS1+2 activation relative to the two other SS pairs. Note that the TPJ foci are anatomically distinct from, and superior to, regions of the superior temporal sulcus involved in processing facial expressions and eye gaze46.