Subcellular localization of NHE6.1 in HepG2 cells. Localization of NHE6.1 in HepG2 cells was characterized by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy after fixation with 4% PFA. (A) Cells were transiently transfected with Rab11a-GFP (green), and stained for endogenous NHE6 (red) with either MRP2 or EEA1 (blue). (B) NHE6-EGFP (green) was transiently expressed in HepG2 cells. Cells were stained for endogenous Rab11a (red) with either MRP2 or EEA1 (blue). (C) Cells were stained for endogenous NHE6 (green), F-actin (red), and LAMP-1 (blue). (D) Cells transiently expressing NHE6-EGFP (green) were stained for F-actin (red) and Giantin (blue). Antibodies used for the detection of endogenous proteins are described in the Materials and Methods. For the staining of F-actin, TRITC-labeled phalloidin was used. The shape of cells was identified by differential interference contrast images and indicated with broken lines. Bars, 10 μm.