Table 2.
Strength of the evidence for contributions of health domains to racial/ethnic disparities in pregnancy outcome
| Biology | Social Circumstances | Environmental Exposures | Behavioral Patterns | Medical Care | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy Outcomes | |||||
| Congenital Abnormalities | B | B | C | A | B |
| Fetal Demise | C | B | C | B | C |
| Preterm Birth | B | A | B | B | C |
| Fetal Growth Restriction | C | B | B | A | C |
| Maternal Outcomes | |||||
| Mortality | B | A | C | B | A |
| Hypertensive Disorders | B | C | C | C | C |
| Diabetes | B | B | C | B | B |
| Obesity | C | A | C | A | B |
| Obstetrical Care | |||||
| Early Prenatal Care | C | B | C | A | A |
| 1° Cesarean Delivery | C | B | C | C | A |
| Major Perineal Laceration | B | C | C | C | B |
Adapted from the U.S. Preventive Task Force Ratings137:
A = There is good evidence to support the association between the domain and racial/ethnic disparities in the outcome
B = There is fair evidence to support the association between the domain and racial/ethnic disparities in the outcome
C = There is insufficient evidence to support the association between the domain and racial/ethnic disparities in the outcome